br Conclusion and future prospects The research on M oleifer

Conclusion and future prospects The research on M. oleifera is yet to gain importance in India. It is essential that the nutrients of this wonder tree are exploited for a variety of purposes. M. oleifera has great anti-diabetic and anti-cancer properties. However, double blind researches are less prevalent to further substantiate these properties of moringa. More studies are needed to corroborate the primary mechanisms of moringa as antidiabetic and anticancer agents. Several puzzling questions are unanswered. Research on the antioxidant nature of aqueous extracts on cancer cells needs further inquiry. Studies have proven that moringa causes ROS in cancer cells that leads to apoptosis or necrosis. However, the aqueous extracts also have antioxidants present in them. The exact mechanism of this irony is yet to be explored. The effect of environmental factors affecting the nutrient levels of leaves and other parts of M. oleifera grown across the globe require further analysis. Further research to isolate endophytic fungi and identify the enzymes or proteins from M. oleifera that are accountable for the anticancer and antidiabetic activity may lead to development of novel therapeutic compounds. Yet another focal area is to evaluate the commercial use of M. oleifera as a bio-coagulant. It might be a viable alternative for water purification. The demand for snacks in the market is huge. Hence Moringa fortification in snacks to eradicate malnutrition has a twin advantage. The tree as a native to India can become a great source of income for the nation if this potential for highly nutritional food is exploited by the industries and researchers by undertaking further research to corroborate earlier studies.
Acknowledgements
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic ailment, as old as mankind and its occurrence is considered to be far above the ground at all over the world [1]. It is also a major root of disability and hospitalization, results in a significant pecuniary burden [2]. The management of diabetes mellitus is painstaking and thriving cure is yet to be discovered. The circumstances were primarily grim in catalase inhibitor countries like India, where unprecedented economic growth has been accompanied with an unfortunate byproduct of that prosperity in the form of diabetes [3,4]. It was sturdily supported by greater than ever incidences in both experimental and clinical swot. It puts forward that oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia, plays a foremost role in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetes is habitually accompanied by hyperglycemia with large amplification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired antioxidant defense co-ordination [5,6]. Oxidative stress, as an episode of oxidant factors over antioxidant mechanisms, plays an innermost role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes and its complications. Hence, it is likely that a stuff known to reduce oxidative stress in vivo would trim down the progression of cell damage in clinical diabetes. A dietery flavonoids (abundant in plants, vegetables and Fruits) has been accounted to have a number of potentially beneficial effects in both hindrance and management of oxygen-related diseases: for example, the enhancement of glucose utilization in type II diabetes [7] and reduction of the development of diabetic hitches [8]. Investigations in this particular region are now sparkling insights of potential benefits in diabetes. Seaweeds have traditionally been used as foodstuff and folk remedy for helminthes infections, gout and eczema, predominantly by coastal working class in several countries [9]. Recently, much attention has been paid to the anticancer tumult of seaweeds due to their rich phyto-constituents and has reported that crude Swedes or their organic extracts have an influence on pancreatic β-cells [10]. The seaweed Acanthophora spicifera (Family: Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) is notorious red algae and widely distributed in the Gulf of Mannar, Rameshwaram coast, Tamilnadu, South India which is used as a food material, cosmetics, and fuel [11]. Besides, methanol extract of A. spicifera has been an evidence for anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis[12]. The sulphated agarans are isolated from the aqueous extract of A. spicifera and their anti-viral chattels with their structure activity relationship were recorded [13]. Antioxidant properties of A. spicifera were deliberate in different types of in vitro free radical scavenging assays [14]. Hence, present study was designed to extend the current information on anti-diabetic folklore claim and antioxidant effect of A. spicifera and to determine its protective effects on rats having uncontrolled type I diabetes.