• Ironically another series of studies examining the role of

  2022-02-12

  

  Ironically, another series of studies examining the role of EAATs in CNS injury and disease suggest that under some pathological conditions, the operation of the EAATs is not protective, but actually contributes to the excitotoxic process (Rossi et al., 2000). The transporters do so by serving as th

• Octyl-α-ketoglutarate br Materials and methods br

  2022-02-12

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Ajuba was originally identified as an adaptor protein which communicates cell adhesive events with nuclear responses to remodel the epithelium (Langer et al., 2008; Marie et al., 2003). Recently, increasing evidence has shown that Ajuba functions as

• 92 8 In this study our result suggests that exogenous GR

  2022-02-12

  

  In this study, our result suggests that exogenous GR agonist DEX and GR inhibitor RU486 can affect dopaminergic neurotransmitters in the brain. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), an endogenous neuropeptide, can regulate the synthesis and release of catecholamine. McArthur et

• br Activators Many compounds are known to influence the acti

  2022-02-12

  

  Activators Many compounds are known to influence the activity of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, and since hIK1 was cloned more insight has been gained on compounds that have the capacity to increase channel activity. Activation by divalent metal cations has been investigated, with Ca2+, Pb2+, Cd2+,

• The regulation of gap junction connexin mediated

  2022-02-12

  

  The regulation of gap junction-connexin-mediated activities may be achieved through action on the channel gating properties (membrane voltage, pH, interaction with junctional and cytoskeletal proteins, Ca2+ and K+ concentrations, etc) or on the trafficking, turnover and localization of connexins. Sh

• With rare exceptions the biological role of secretase cleava

  2022-02-12

  

  With rare exceptions, the biological role of γ-secretase cleavage of substrates other than Notch 1 has been ignored during proof of concept preclinical repurposing studies. For example, in the GSI AD trial, many individuals noted changes in hair color, apparently due to inhibition of tyrosinase, ano

• br The bile acid farnesoid X receptor FXR

  2022-02-12

  

  The “bile acid” farnesoid X receptor (FXR) The Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor belonging to the Nuclear Receptor superfamily of transcription factors exploiting various crucial functions in mammalian physiology, including reproduction, development and metabolism

• Recent research has focused on identifying

  2022-02-12

  

  Recent research has focused on identifying key agonists and receptors mediating nutrient-induced GLP-1 and insulin secretion. The long-chain fatty Vadimezan receptor GPR40 is the most abundant GPCR expressed in islet β cells and is also expressed on intestinal L-cells, where it contributes to GLP-1

• br Conclusion br Author contributions br Ethics approval

  2022-02-11

  

  Conclusion Author contributions Ethics approval Competing interests Introduction VHL is a well-known tumor suppressor and works as a target recruitment subunit of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that recruits hydroxylated hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF-α) for proteasomal degradation u

• Introduction In the s nitric oxide NO

  2022-02-11

  

  Introduction In the 1980s, nitric oxide (NO) was first characterized as critical to both innate immunity and endogenous signaling in animals [[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]]. NO was the first gaseous signaling molecule synthesized by animals to have its biochemical signaling pathway fully described [2]. P

• We recently reported the first cyclopropene analog of

  2022-02-11

  

  We recently reported the first cyclopropene-analog of the amino calcium sensing receptor neurotransmitter glutamate (Fig. 2A) [27]. This first-generation cyclopropene-glutamate expanded the only other documented report of a cyclopropene-neurotransmitter (cyclopropene-GABA analog by Reissig and cowor

• Unlike our present results in week old months females where

  2022-02-11

  

  Unlike our present results in 4–12-week-old (~1–3 months) females, where a high-fat-diet-induced increase in body weight was evident, Schmidt et al. exposed male glut3 mice to a similar high-fat diet (60% kilocalories from fat) and observed no change in body weight, plasma glucose or insulin concent

• Captopril synthesis GCK MODY is the most common

  2022-02-11

  

  GCK-MODY is the most common form of MODY diabetes in many populations (Chevre et al., 1998; Massa et al., 2001; Barrio et al., 2002; Estalella et al., 2007; Pruhova et al., 2010; Capuano et al., 2012; Giuffrida et al., 2017). However, data about GCK-MODY among North African populations are very rare

• br Materials and methods br Results Unitary

  2022-02-11

  

  Materials and methods Results Unitary currents of Gardos Kaempferol were identified by their conductance value, inward rectification, voltage independence of open probability, kinetics and Ca2+-sensitivity, all features which have been described elsewhere [8], [13], [20], [23], [24], [25], [26

• GSIs were shown to effectively

  2022-02-10

  

  GSIs were shown to effectively decrease Aβ levels at doses close to or higher than their IC50 values in cell culture models. Surprisingly, they also slightly increase Aβ levels at low doses, (significantly below the IC50) also known as “Aβ rise”, due to various mechanisms including inhibition of cel

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